Mesothelioma is a rare but serious cancer most commonly linked to previous asbestos exposure. Because symptoms often develop gradually and may resemble more common respiratory conditions, diagnosis can be delayed.
In this guide, Dr Dionysis Papadatos-Pastos, consultant medical oncologist specialising in thoracic cancers in London, explains the early warning signs of mesothelioma, how symptoms typically progress, and when patients in the UK should seek medical assessment.
Topics Covered
Topics Covered
Topics Covered
Topics CoveredWhat Is Mesothelioma?
Mesothelioma is a cancer that develops in the lining of certain organs, most commonly:
- The lining of the lungs (pleura) – pleural mesothelioma
- The lining of the abdomen (peritoneum) – less common
In the UK, most cases are pleural mesothelioma and are associated with asbestos exposure that may have occurred decades earlier.
Why Early Symptoms Are Often Missed
Mesothelioma has a long latency period — often 20–50 years after asbestos exposure. Early symptoms are typically mild and non-specific, which makes early detection challenging.
Symptoms can resemble:
- Persistent chest infections
- Musculoskeletal chest pain
- Chronic cough
- Breathlessness from other causes
Because these symptoms are common in everyday practice, mesothelioma may not be suspected immediately.
Early Warning Signs of Pleural Mesothelioma
The earliest symptoms are often subtle and progressive rather than sudden.
- Persistent Breathlessness
Shortness of breath may develop gradually. It is often caused by fluid accumulation around the lung (pleural effusion).
- Chest Pain
Patients may experience:
- Dull, aching pain
- Discomfort when breathing deeply
- Pain along the side of the chest
- Unexplained Fatigue
Ongoing tiredness without clear explanation should not be ignored, particularly in individuals with past asbestos exposure.
- Persistent Cough
A dry, ongoing cough that does not resolve with usual treatment may require further investigation.
Later Symptoms of Mesothelioma
As the condition progresses, symptoms may become more pronounced:
- Increasing breathlessness
- Significant chest discomfort
- Unintentional weight loss
- Loss of appetite
- Night sweats (less common but possible)
In advanced cases, there may be reduced lung expansion due to tumour involvement.
Who Is at Risk in the UK?
In the UK, mesothelioma is most often linked to occupational asbestos exposure. Higher-risk groups historically include:
- Construction workers
- Shipyard workers
- Electricians and plumbers
- Industrial workers
- Individuals exposed indirectly through family members
Importantly, exposure may have occurred decades earlier.
When Should You See a Doctor?
You should seek medical assessment if you experience:
- Persistent breathlessness
- Ongoing chest pain without clear cause
- Recurrent pleural fluid
- A history of asbestos exposure and new respiratory symptoms
Early imaging (usually a chest X-ray followed by CT scan) is often the first step.
How Mesothelioma Is Diagnosed
Symptoms alone are not enough for diagnosis. Investigation typically includes:
- Chest X-ray
- CT scan
- Specialist referral
- Biopsy of pleural tissue (if required)
Accurate diagnosis is essential for planning treatment.
Does Early Diagnosis Improve Outcomes?
While mesothelioma remains a serious condition, earlier diagnosis allows:
- Faster symptom relief
- Earlier access to specialist treatment
- More treatment options
- Improved quality of life planning
Prompt referral to a thoracic oncology specialist is important.
Emotional Impact of Symptoms and Investigation
Being investigated for mesothelioma can be stressful, particularly for those aware of past asbestos exposure.
Patients should:
- Seek reliable medical advice
- Avoid online speculation
- Discuss concerns openly with their doctor
Clear communication reduces anxiety during the diagnostic process.
Support and Follow-Up Care
Dr Papadatos-Pastos and his team provide ongoing support beyond medical treatment.
Patients receive clear communication, psychological care and access to nutrition, physiotherapy and symptom-management services.
Regular follow-up ensures early detection of recurrence and long-term wellbeing.
Book a Consultation
If you or someone close to you has been diagnosed with lung cancer, early consultation with a specialist can make a real difference. Appointments are available at several London clinics.
Faq
Answers to Common Questions
Clear answers to questions patients and families frequently ask about mesothelioma symptoms and early warning signs.
Yes. Early-stage mesothelioma may cause very mild or no noticeable symptoms.
No. Breathlessness has many causes, but persistent or unexplained symptoms require assessment.
It can develop 20–50 years after exposure.
No. Mesothelioma affects the lining of the lungs, not the lung tissue itself.
Routine screening is not currently standard in the UK, but individuals with exposure and symptoms should seek prompt medical advice.
